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|
/*
* Copyright (c) 2006-2007 by Roland Riegel <feedback@roland-riegel.de>
*
* This file is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of either the GNU General Public License version 2
* or the GNU Lesser General Public License version 2.1, both as
* published by the Free Software Foundation.
*/
#include <string.h>
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <HardwareSerial.h>
#include "sd_raw.h"
#include "RepRapSDCard.h"
/**
* \addtogroup sd_raw MMC/SD card raw access
*
* This module implements read and write access to MMC and
* SD cards. It serves as a low-level driver for the higher
* level modules such as partition and file system access.
*
* @{
*/
/**
* \file
* MMC/SD raw access implementation (license: GPLv2 or LGPLv2.1)
*
* \author Roland Riegel
*/
/**
* \addtogroup sd_raw_config MMC/SD configuration
* Preprocessor defines to configure the MMC/SD support.
*/
/**
* @}
*/
/* commands available in SPI mode */
/* CMD0: response R1 */
#define CMD_GO_IDLE_STATE 0x00
/* CMD1: response R1 */
#define CMD_SEND_OP_COND 0x01
/* CMD9: response R1 */
#define CMD_SEND_CSD 0x09
/* CMD10: response R1 */
#define CMD_SEND_CID 0x0a
/* CMD12: response R1 */
#define CMD_STOP_TRANSMISSION 0x0c
/* CMD13: response R2 */
#define CMD_SEND_STATUS 0x0d
/* CMD16: arg0[31:0]: block length, response R1 */
#define CMD_SET_BLOCKLEN 0x10
/* CMD17: arg0[31:0]: data address, response R1 */
#define CMD_READ_SINGLE_BLOCK 0x11
/* CMD18: arg0[31:0]: data address, response R1 */
#define CMD_READ_MULTIPLE_BLOCK 0x12
/* CMD24: arg0[31:0]: data address, response R1 */
#define CMD_WRITE_SINGLE_BLOCK 0x18
/* CMD25: arg0[31:0]: data address, response R1 */
#define CMD_WRITE_MULTIPLE_BLOCK 0x19
/* CMD27: response R1 */
#define CMD_PROGRAM_CSD 0x1b
/* CMD28: arg0[31:0]: data address, response R1b */
#define CMD_SET_WRITE_PROT 0x1c
/* CMD29: arg0[31:0]: data address, response R1b */
#define CMD_CLR_WRITE_PROT 0x1d
/* CMD30: arg0[31:0]: write protect data address, response R1 */
#define CMD_SEND_WRITE_PROT 0x1e
/* CMD32: arg0[31:0]: data address, response R1 */
#define CMD_TAG_SECTOR_START 0x20
/* CMD33: arg0[31:0]: data address, response R1 */
#define CMD_TAG_SECTOR_END 0x21
/* CMD34: arg0[31:0]: data address, response R1 */
#define CMD_UNTAG_SECTOR 0x22
/* CMD35: arg0[31:0]: data address, response R1 */
#define CMD_TAG_ERASE_GROUP_START 0x23
/* CMD36: arg0[31:0]: data address, response R1 */
#define CMD_TAG_ERASE_GROUP_END 0x24
/* CMD37: arg0[31:0]: data address, response R1 */
#define CMD_UNTAG_ERASE_GROUP 0x25
/* CMD38: arg0[31:0]: stuff bits, response R1b */
#define CMD_ERASE 0x26
/* CMD42: arg0[31:0]: stuff bits, response R1b */
#define CMD_LOCK_UNLOCK 0x2a
/* CMD58: response R3 */
#define CMD_READ_OCR 0x3a
/* CMD59: arg0[31:1]: stuff bits, arg0[0:0]: crc option, response R1 */
#define CMD_CRC_ON_OFF 0x3b
/* command responses */
/* R1: size 1 byte */
#define R1_IDLE_STATE 0
#define R1_ERASE_RESET 1
#define R1_ILL_COMMAND 2
#define R1_COM_CRC_ERR 3
#define R1_ERASE_SEQ_ERR 4
#define R1_ADDR_ERR 5
#define R1_PARAM_ERR 6
/* R1b: equals R1, additional busy bytes */
/* R2: size 2 bytes */
#define R2_CARD_LOCKED 0
#define R2_WP_ERASE_SKIP 1
#define R2_ERR 2
#define R2_CARD_ERR 3
#define R2_CARD_ECC_FAIL 4
#define R2_WP_VIOLATION 5
#define R2_INVAL_ERASE 6
#define R2_OUT_OF_RANGE 7
#define R2_CSD_OVERWRITE 7
#define R2_IDLE_STATE (R1_IDLE_STATE + 8)
#define R2_ERASE_RESET (R1_ERASE_RESET + 8)
#define R2_ILL_COMMAND (R1_ILL_COMMAND + 8)
#define R2_COM_CRC_ERR (R1_COM_CRC_ERR + 8)
#define R2_ERASE_SEQ_ERR (R1_ERASE_SEQ_ERR + 8)
#define R2_ADDR_ERR (R1_ADDR_ERR + 8)
#define R2_PARAM_ERR (R1_PARAM_ERR + 8)
/* R3: size 5 bytes */
#define R3_OCR_MASK (0xffffffffUL)
#define R3_IDLE_STATE (R1_IDLE_STATE + 32)
#define R3_ERASE_RESET (R1_ERASE_RESET + 32)
#define R3_ILL_COMMAND (R1_ILL_COMMAND + 32)
#define R3_COM_CRC_ERR (R1_COM_CRC_ERR + 32)
#define R3_ERASE_SEQ_ERR (R1_ERASE_SEQ_ERR + 32)
#define R3_ADDR_ERR (R1_ADDR_ERR + 32)
#define R3_PARAM_ERR (R1_PARAM_ERR + 32)
/* Data Response: size 1 byte */
#define DR_STATUS_MASK 0x0e
#define DR_STATUS_ACCEPTED 0x05
#define DR_STATUS_CRC_ERR 0x0a
#define DR_STATUS_WRITE_ERR 0x0c
/* static data buffer for acceleration */
uint8_t raw_block[512];
/* offset where the data within raw_block lies on the card */
uint32_t raw_block_address;
#if SD_RAW_WRITE_BUFFERING
/* flag to remember if raw_block was written to the card */
uint8_t raw_block_written;
#endif
/* private helper functions */
static void sd_raw_send_byte(uint8_t b);
static uint8_t sd_raw_rec_byte();
static uint8_t sd_raw_send_command_r1(uint8_t command, uint32_t arg);
/**
* \ingroup sd_raw
* Initializes memory card communication.
*
* \returns 0 on failure, 1 on success.
*/
uint8_t sd_raw_init()
{
uint16_t i;
uint8_t response;
/* enable inputs for reading card status */
configure_pin_available();
configure_pin_locked();
/* enable outputs for MOSI, SCK, SS, input for MISO */
configure_pin_mosi();
configure_pin_sck();
configure_pin_ss();
configure_pin_miso();
unselect_card();
/* initialize SPI with lowest frequency; max. 400kHz during identification mode of card */
SPCR = (0 << SPIE) | /* SPI Interrupt Enable */
(1 << SPE) | /* SPI Enable */
(0 << DORD) | /* Data Order: MSB first */
(1 << MSTR) | /* Master mode */
(0 << CPOL) | /* Clock Polarity: SCK low when idle */
(0 << CPHA) | /* Clock Phase: sample on rising SCK edge */
(1 << SPR1) | /* Clock Frequency: f_OSC / 128 */
(1 << SPR0);
SPSR &= ~(1 << SPI2X); /* No doubled clock frequency */
/* initialization procedure */
if(!sd_raw_available())
return 0;
/* card needs 74 cycles minimum to start up */
for(i = 0; i < 10; ++i)
{
/* wait 8 clock cycles */
sd_raw_rec_byte();
}
/* address card */
select_card();
/* reset card */
for(i = 0; ; ++i)
{
response = sd_raw_send_command_r1(CMD_GO_IDLE_STATE, 0);
if(response == (1 << R1_IDLE_STATE))
break;
if(i == 0x1ff)
{
unselect_card();
return 0;
}
}
/* wait for card to get ready */
for(i = 0; ; ++i)
{
response = sd_raw_send_command_r1(CMD_SEND_OP_COND, 0);
if(!(response & (1 << R1_IDLE_STATE)))
break;
if(i == 0x7fff)
{
unselect_card();
return 0;
}
}
/* set block size to 512 bytes */
if(sd_raw_send_command_r1(CMD_SET_BLOCKLEN, 512))
{
unselect_card();
return 0;
}
/* deaddress card */
unselect_card();
/* switch to highest SPI frequency possible */
SPCR &= ~((1 << SPR1) | (1 << SPR0)); /* Clock Frequency: f_OSC / 4 */
SPSR |= (1 << SPI2X); /* Doubled Clock Frequency: f_OSC / 2 */
#if !SD_RAW_SAVE_RAM
/* the first block is likely to be accessed first, so precache it here */
raw_block_address = 0xffffffff;
#if SD_RAW_WRITE_BUFFERING
raw_block_written = 1;
#endif
if(!sd_raw_read(0, raw_block, sizeof(raw_block)))
return 0;
#endif
return 1;
}
/**
* \ingroup sd_raw
* Checks wether a memory card is located in the slot.
*
* \returns 1 if the card is available, 0 if it is not.
*/
uint8_t sd_raw_available()
{
return get_pin_available() == 0x00;
}
/**
* \ingroup sd_raw
* Checks wether the memory card is locked for write access.
*
* \returns 1 if the card is locked, 0 if it is not.
*/
uint8_t sd_raw_locked()
{
return get_pin_locked() == 0x00;
}
/**
* \ingroup sd_raw
* Sends a raw byte to the memory card.
*
* \param[in] b The byte to sent.
* \see sd_raw_rec_byte
*/
void sd_raw_send_byte(uint8_t b)
{
SPDR = b;
/* wait for byte to be shifted out */
while(!(SPSR & (1 << SPIF)));
SPSR &= ~(1 << SPIF);
}
/**
* \ingroup sd_raw
* Receives a raw byte from the memory card.
*
* \returns The byte which should be read.
* \see sd_raw_send_byte
*/
uint8_t sd_raw_rec_byte()
{
/* send dummy data for receiving some */
SPDR = 0xff;
while(!(SPSR & (1 << SPIF)));
SPSR &= ~(1 << SPIF);
return SPDR;
}
/**
* \ingroup sd_raw
* Send a command to the memory card which responses with a R1 response.
*
* \param[in] command The command to send.
* \param[in] arg The argument for command.
* \returns The command answer.
*/
uint8_t sd_raw_send_command_r1(uint8_t command, uint32_t arg)
{
uint8_t response;
uint8_t i;
/* wait some clock cycles */
sd_raw_rec_byte();
/* send command via SPI */
sd_raw_send_byte(0x40 | command);
sd_raw_send_byte((arg >> 24) & 0xff);
sd_raw_send_byte((arg >> 16) & 0xff);
sd_raw_send_byte((arg >> 8) & 0xff);
sd_raw_send_byte((arg >> 0) & 0xff);
sd_raw_send_byte(command == CMD_GO_IDLE_STATE ? 0x95 : 0xff);
/* receive response */
for(i = 0; i < 10; ++i)
{
response = sd_raw_rec_byte();
if(response != 0xff)
break;
}
return response;
}
/**
* \ingroup sd_raw
* Reads raw data from the card.
*
* \param[in] offset The offset from which to read.
* \param[out] buffer The buffer into which to write the data.
* \param[in] length The number of bytes to read.
* \returns 0 on failure, 1 on success.
* \see sd_raw_read_interval, sd_raw_write, sd_raw_write_interval
*/
uint8_t sd_raw_read(uint32_t offset, uint8_t* buffer, uint16_t length)
{
uint32_t block_address;
uint16_t block_offset;
uint16_t read_length;
uint16_t i;
while(length > 0)
{
/* determine byte count to read at once */
block_address = offset & 0xfffffe00;
block_offset = offset & 0x01ff;
read_length = 512 - block_offset; /* read up to block border */
if(read_length > length)
read_length = length;
#if !SD_RAW_SAVE_RAM
/* check if the requested data is cached */
if(block_address != raw_block_address)
#endif
{
#if SD_RAW_WRITE_BUFFERING
if(!raw_block_written)
{
if(!sd_raw_write(raw_block_address, raw_block, sizeof(raw_block)))
return 0;
}
#endif
/* address card */
select_card();
/* send single block request */
if(sd_raw_send_command_r1(CMD_READ_SINGLE_BLOCK, block_address))
{
unselect_card();
return 0;
}
/* wait for data block (start byte 0xfe) */
i = 0;
while(sd_raw_rec_byte() != 0xfe) {
i++;
if (i == 0) {
unselect_card();
return 0;
}
}
#if SD_RAW_SAVE_RAM
/* read byte block */
uint16_t read_to = block_offset + read_length;
for(i = 0; i < 512; ++i)
{
uint8_t b = sd_raw_rec_byte();
if(i >= block_offset && i < read_to)
*buffer++ = b;
}
#else
/* read byte block */
uint8_t* cache = raw_block;
for(i = 0; i < 512; ++i)
*cache++ = sd_raw_rec_byte();
raw_block_address = block_address;
memcpy(buffer, raw_block + block_offset, read_length);
buffer += read_length;
#endif
/* read crc16 */
sd_raw_rec_byte();
sd_raw_rec_byte();
/* deaddress card */
unselect_card();
/* let card some time to finish */
sd_raw_rec_byte();
}
#if !SD_RAW_SAVE_RAM
else
{
/* use cached data */
memcpy(buffer, raw_block + block_offset, read_length);
buffer += read_length;
}
#endif
length -= read_length;
offset += read_length;
}
return 1;
}
/**
* \ingroup sd_raw
* Continuously reads units of \c interval bytes and calls a callback function.
*
* This function starts reading at the specified offset. Every \c interval bytes,
* it calls the callback function with the associated data buffer.
*
* By returning zero, the callback may stop reading.
*
* \note Within the callback function, you can not start another read or
* write operation.
* \note This function only works if the following conditions are met:
* - (offset - (offset % 512)) % interval == 0
* - length % interval == 0
*
* \param[in] offset Offset from which to start reading.
* \param[in] buffer Pointer to a buffer which is at least interval bytes in size.
* \param[in] interval Number of bytes to read before calling the callback function.
* \param[in] length Number of bytes to read altogether.
* \param[in] callback The function to call every interval bytes.
* \param[in] p An opaque pointer directly passed to the callback function.
* \returns 0 on failure, 1 on success
* \see sd_raw_write_interval, sd_raw_read, sd_raw_write
*/
uint8_t sd_raw_read_interval(uint32_t offset, uint8_t* buffer, uint16_t interval, uint16_t length, sd_raw_read_interval_handler_t callback, void* p)
{
if(!buffer || interval == 0 || length < interval || !callback)
return 0;
#if !SD_RAW_SAVE_RAM
while(length >= interval)
{
/* as reading is now buffered, we directly
* hand over the request to sd_raw_read()
*/
if(!sd_raw_read(offset, buffer, interval))
return 0;
if(!callback(buffer, offset, p))
break;
offset += interval;
length -= interval;
}
return 1;
#else
/* address card */
select_card();
uint16_t block_offset;
uint16_t read_length;
uint8_t* buffer_cur;
uint8_t finished = 0;
do
{
/* determine byte count to read at once */
block_offset = offset & 0x01ff;
read_length = 512 - block_offset;
/* send single block request */
if(sd_raw_send_command_r1(CMD_READ_SINGLE_BLOCK, offset & 0xfffffe00))
{
unselect_card();
return 0;
}
/* wait for data block (start byte 0xfe) */
while(sd_raw_rec_byte() != 0xfe);
/* read up to the data of interest */
for(i = 0; i < block_offset; ++i)
sd_raw_rec_byte();
/* read interval bytes of data and execute the callback */
do
{
if(read_length < interval || length < interval)
break;
buffer_cur = buffer;
for(i = 0; i < interval; ++i)
*buffer_cur++ = sd_raw_rec_byte();
if(!callback(buffer, offset + (512 - read_length), p))
{
finished = 1;
break;
}
read_length -= interval;
length -= interval;
} while(read_length > 0 && length > 0);
/* read rest of data block */
while(read_length-- > 0)
sd_raw_rec_byte();
/* read crc16 */
sd_raw_rec_byte();
sd_raw_rec_byte();
if(length < interval)
break;
offset = (offset & 0xfffffe00) + 512;
} while(!finished);
/* deaddress card */
unselect_card();
/* let card some time to finish */
sd_raw_rec_byte();
return 1;
#endif
}
/**
* \ingroup sd_raw
* Writes raw data to the card.
*
* \note If write buffering is enabled, you might have to
* call sd_raw_sync() before disconnecting the card
* to ensure all remaining data has been written.
*
* \param[in] offset The offset where to start writing.
* \param[in] buffer The buffer containing the data to be written.
* \param[in] length The number of bytes to write.
* \returns 0 on failure, 1 on success.
* \see sd_raw_write_interval, sd_raw_read, sd_raw_read_interval
*/
uint8_t sd_raw_write(uint32_t offset, const uint8_t* buffer, uint16_t length)
{
#if SD_RAW_WRITE_SUPPORT
if(get_pin_locked())
{
//Serial.println("locked.");
return 0;
}
uint32_t block_address;
uint16_t block_offset;
uint16_t write_length;
uint16_t i;
while(length > 0)
{
/* determine byte count to write at once */
block_address = offset & 0xfffffe00;
block_offset = offset & 0x01ff;
write_length = 512 - block_offset; /* write up to block border */
if(write_length > length)
write_length = length;
/* Merge the data to write with the content of the block.
* Use the cached block if available.
*/
if(block_address != raw_block_address)
{
#if SD_RAW_WRITE_BUFFERING
if(!raw_block_written)
{
if(!sd_raw_write(raw_block_address, raw_block, sizeof(raw_block)))
return 0;
}
#endif
if(block_offset || write_length < 512)
{
if(!sd_raw_read(block_address, raw_block, sizeof(raw_block)))
return 0;
}
raw_block_address = block_address;
}
if(buffer != raw_block)
{
memcpy(raw_block + block_offset, buffer, write_length);
#if SD_RAW_WRITE_BUFFERING
raw_block_written = 0;
if(length == write_length)
return 1;
#endif
}
buffer += write_length;
/* address card */
select_card();
/* send single block request */
if(sd_raw_send_command_r1(CMD_WRITE_SINGLE_BLOCK, block_address))
{
unselect_card();
return 0;
}
/* send start byte */
sd_raw_send_byte(0xfe);
/* write byte block */
uint8_t* cache = raw_block;
for(i = 0; i < 512; ++i)
sd_raw_send_byte(*cache++);
/* write dummy crc16 */
sd_raw_send_byte(0xff);
sd_raw_send_byte(0xff);
/* wait while card is busy */
while(sd_raw_rec_byte() != 0xff);
sd_raw_rec_byte();
/* deaddress card */
unselect_card();
length -= write_length;
offset += write_length;
#if SD_RAW_WRITE_BUFFERING
raw_block_written = 1;
#endif
}
return 1;
#else
return 0;
#endif
}
/**
* \ingroup sd_raw
* Writes a continuous data stream obtained from a callback function.
*
* This function starts writing at the specified offset. To obtain the
* next bytes to write, it calls the callback function. The callback fills the
* provided data buffer and returns the number of bytes it has put into the buffer.
*
* By returning zero, the callback may stop writing.
*
* \param[in] offset Offset where to start writing.
* \param[in] buffer Pointer to a buffer which is used for the callback function.
* \param[in] length Number of bytes to write in total. May be zero for endless writes.
* \param[in] callback The function used to obtain the bytes to write.
* \param[in] p An opaque pointer directly passed to the callback function.
* \returns 0 on failure, 1 on success
* \see sd_raw_read_interval, sd_raw_write, sd_raw_read
*/
uint8_t sd_raw_write_interval(uint32_t offset, uint8_t* buffer, uint16_t length, sd_raw_write_interval_handler_t callback, void* p)
{
#if SD_RAW_WRITE_SUPPORT
#if SD_RAW_SAVE_RAM
#error "SD_RAW_WRITE_SUPPORT is not supported together with SD_RAW_SAVE_RAM"
#endif
if(!buffer || !callback)
return 0;
uint8_t endless = (length == 0);
while(endless || length > 0)
{
uint16_t bytes_to_write = callback(buffer, offset, p);
if(!bytes_to_write)
break;
if(!endless && bytes_to_write > length)
return 0;
/* as writing is always buffered, we directly
* hand over the request to sd_raw_write()
*/
if(!sd_raw_write(offset, buffer, bytes_to_write))
return 0;
offset += bytes_to_write;
length -= bytes_to_write;
}
return 1;
#else
return 0;
#endif
}
/**
* \ingroup sd_raw
* Writes the write buffer's content to the card.
*
* \note When write buffering is enabled, you should
* call this function before disconnecting the
* card to ensure all remaining data has been
* written.
*
* \returns 0 on failure, 1 on success.
* \see sd_raw_write
*/
uint8_t sd_raw_sync()
{
#if SD_RAW_WRITE_SUPPORT
#if SD_RAW_WRITE_BUFFERING
if(raw_block_written)
return 1;
if(!sd_raw_write(raw_block_address, raw_block, sizeof(raw_block)))
return 0;
#endif
return 1;
#else
return 0;
#endif
}
/**
* \ingroup sd_raw
* Reads informational data from the card.
*
* This function reads and returns the card's registers
* containing manufacturing and status information.
*
* \note: The information retrieved by this function is
* not required in any way to operate on the card,
* but it might be nice to display some of the data
* to the user.
*
* \param[in] info A pointer to the structure into which to save the information.
* \returns 0 on failure, 1 on success.
*/
uint8_t sd_raw_get_info(struct sd_raw_info* info)
{
uint8_t i;
if(!info || !sd_raw_available())
return 0;
memset(info, 0, sizeof(*info));
select_card();
/* read cid register */
if(sd_raw_send_command_r1(CMD_SEND_CID, 0))
{
unselect_card();
return 0;
}
while(sd_raw_rec_byte() != 0xfe);
for(i = 0; i < 18; ++i)
{
uint8_t b = sd_raw_rec_byte();
switch(i)
{
case 0:
info->manufacturer = b;
break;
case 1:
case 2:
info->oem[i - 1] = b;
break;
case 3:
case 4:
case 5:
case 6:
case 7:
info->product[i - 3] = b;
break;
case 8:
info->revision = b;
break;
case 9:
case 10:
case 11:
case 12:
info->serial |= (uint32_t) b << ((12 - i) * 8);
break;
case 13:
info->manufacturing_year = b << 4;
break;
case 14:
info->manufacturing_year |= b >> 4;
info->manufacturing_month = b & 0x0f;
break;
}
}
/* read csd register */
uint8_t csd_read_bl_len = 0;
uint8_t csd_c_size_mult = 0;
uint16_t csd_c_size = 0;
if(sd_raw_send_command_r1(CMD_SEND_CSD, 0))
{
unselect_card();
return 0;
}
while(sd_raw_rec_byte() != 0xfe);
for(i = 0; i < 18; ++i)
{
uint8_t b = sd_raw_rec_byte();
switch(i)
{
case 5:
csd_read_bl_len = b & 0x0f;
break;
case 6:
csd_c_size = (uint16_t) (b & 0x03) << 8;
break;
case 7:
csd_c_size |= b;
csd_c_size <<= 2;
break;
case 8:
csd_c_size |= b >> 6;
++csd_c_size;
break;
case 9:
csd_c_size_mult = (b & 0x03) << 1;
break;
case 10:
csd_c_size_mult |= b >> 7;
info->capacity = (uint32_t) csd_c_size << (csd_c_size_mult + csd_read_bl_len + 2);
break;
case 14:
if(b & 0x40)
info->flag_copy = 1;
if(b & 0x20)
info->flag_write_protect = 1;
if(b & 0x10)
info->flag_write_protect_temp = 1;
info->format = (b & 0x0c) >> 2;
break;
}
}
unselect_card();
return 1;
}
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