path: root/ed/860ba143318aa6a9d5da10fb9e47dda4969ea9

Delivery-date: Wed, 19 Mar 2025 02:04:13 -0700
Received: from mail-oo1-f64.google.com ([209.85.161.64])
	by mail.fairlystable.org with esmtps  (TLS1.3) tls TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256
	(Exim 4.94.2)
	(envelope-from <bitcoindev+bncBAABBA4R5K7AMGQEK4ZCFSI@googlegroups.com>)
	id 1tupLP-0000NW-VS
	for bitcoindev@gnusha.org; Wed, 19 Mar 2025 02:04:12 -0700
Received: by mail-oo1-f64.google.com with SMTP id 006d021491bc7-5fea6c35b34sf1399364eaf.0
        for <bitcoindev@gnusha.org>; Wed, 19 Mar 2025 02:04:11 -0700 (PDT)
ARC-Seal: i=2; a=rsa-sha256; t=1742375046; cv=pass;
        d=google.com; s=arc-20240605;
        b=Qvn3/LZDBJlKWbKXUKHSuKFwG8tT9TtwvhmmE3/urn9H/AOyG85VbUDGZupKRNwIDr
         FTkLRrBlJLdxd0OuHBisaDFxEvsGfCt2pviiQpxdlNXdBen64XJqixo7+sRZkzZ0FLku
         Y055hrGdOYQv0/PGNnr1+/aTDvbl385CaXTbGnJoJmFUj0gGQiaDhJ9ZiSC2nIDzMpeY
         Nvl0e2OlErng288TEU/kF4B+sKvjKv4QIsFGq62ltZnWj/xg6ZLg0CxIcv3QHj2RDmoK
         BBjKlS7aqsnnoBkfJjk6YsmpKZP5SCGhZ1RDdN6dL1RCpoTsBghX+ltRJErhHtUq/ege
         //8g==
ARC-Message-Signature: i=2; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=google.com; s=arc-20240605;
        h=list-unsubscribe:list-subscribe:list-archive:list-help:list-post
         :list-id:mailing-list:precedence:references:to:cc:in-reply-to:date
         :subject:mime-version:message-id:from:feedback-id:sender
         :dkim-signature;
        bh=54iYqE+mjNctr1ujVzieRueDfZ85MB7SPxfNMj4MQJI=;
        fh=j7DC2H4l+DqkfAoqH6dAC90WVf8G8tgYBGChxVpPG2k=;
        b=Yi5gk+z5++nHOGT9z+2Byq7FrwtcIZJvFR3RRwkW22d98Z65kLUlB+bBZvZvqHO6Y7
         yQb9o8CWc5+wP6VpqNPQDFuB3JsmajceiE2LEfwFETZ0Eke2ONUnw+95D9/ZE9taUBPk
         xHHxzMvBxStn2rQ71xNuLqEyU4O77uoOxpqMtreA2QjAnojHHccoa0QyWvJ+kLoLuWRn
         LFkEAGJu6Q0dbZd6DBPoRn1MHsA3ph9bxRrnjUgj2ae3JquAfCAb61XXMhYk+nWk/ZTd
         Lyi+aN3Ty+Dw6fxgq/jJul3sYajY+aniIcLL567spmcof5xjOLvudX8pf4JSBamHhHEx
         b9fg==;
        darn=gnusha.org
ARC-Authentication-Results: i=2; gmr-mx.google.com;
       dkim=pass header.i=@sprovoost.nl header.s=fm2 header.b=faNuuhzi;
       dkim=pass header.i=@messagingengine.com header.s=fm1 header.b=tsujiWow;
       spf=pass (google.com: domain of sjors@sprovoost.nl designates 202.12.124.156 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=sjors@sprovoost.nl;
       dmarc=pass (p=NONE sp=NONE dis=NONE) header.from=sprovoost.nl
DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed;
        d=googlegroups.com; s=20230601; t=1742375046; x=1742979846; darn=gnusha.org;
        h=list-unsubscribe:list-subscribe:list-archive:list-help:list-post
         :list-id:mailing-list:precedence:x-original-authentication-results
         :x-original-sender:references:to:cc:in-reply-to:date:subject
         :mime-version:message-id:from:feedback-id:sender:from:to:cc:subject
         :date:message-id:reply-to;
        bh=54iYqE+mjNctr1ujVzieRueDfZ85MB7SPxfNMj4MQJI=;
        b=qUel8dtBkEpmnz+4KRii4mqOj/i8l9Cr8qEO09wzRPVKKAQzmjAD74ZTqwQ/9DiD4K
         ZrffZlxqx2TPFXkLyH/vLymC5QKe66KZwi4hMagq8qzCzhDoGJ51oigpx/QbJ0UCV/kL
         cLT34eTcrm7yafg3ie5S/G53pBOVyPYBmAJWoVo0oCoNHQQsbJ3mUc8mdtAcQwE96Gai
         IS/7H3YmS0qtK4VkA1VOo2Sy+D4jnYxG4xcv3mUwWqVqtxruOU8cI+Q4npvM/AK1J9Uc
         4OcQLM/7IZoUst1VqpFxLmvC2EcP7LtBubjEaBeA7KeXDOx6YuiTtgD8EN22fDs0aLmw
         /t2A==
X-Google-DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed;
        d=1e100.net; s=20230601; t=1742375046; x=1742979846;
        h=list-unsubscribe:list-subscribe:list-archive:list-help:list-post
         :list-id:mailing-list:precedence:x-original-authentication-results
         :x-original-sender:references:to:cc:in-reply-to:date:subject
         :mime-version:message-id:from:feedback-id:x-beenthere
         :x-gm-message-state:sender:from:to:cc:subject:date:message-id
         :reply-to;
        bh=54iYqE+mjNctr1ujVzieRueDfZ85MB7SPxfNMj4MQJI=;
        b=ZtaC016Hmv5DhXG02yNhEU4sc5nE7QBrwWOP76cTadNMNfYoYEitxAHK40Y4MigcBA
         eNa5H4DtPeASlIb6XN+3o8VwR1YYuTDL0AZB75+4bzo7RXgAVhUq70iRbvyLGdoRwoU5
         ggAk6IlzhE9lswr19U4lFLG0Rf/IE2ETo2NPToA3yR1tB8s7RzPLZnuqjGYt6Hr60/cm
         AovcKJ90SlV+HTyZTEAnCvkU8zqg/hMV7OuRkwrgUr0ZU+hdJ1lzsq4kRAhgcSJx7M0M
         d9WeDauHcfzi4rs1r7pGS1sJKtVt4rVjNerRvbkMtEDG9xxQ7zKZZydNODcM8fAbrk7s
         bEew==
Sender: bitcoindev@googlegroups.com
X-Forwarded-Encrypted: i=2; AJvYcCWpVX7caLIekoLqHaUJza4I5wvGHbkShQmCCmb99x9jNFJh35ufgZ9VVy8OGtpZxO182MGOxQ0dAJOh@gnusha.org
X-Gm-Message-State: AOJu0Yxb7bmkw587dpRparSmLmX/cp8gei1fSuQ7gfPIyVNFXOoDSMUp
	430hbBylXzFyjNbpLzPiCa8iCiboWlp4NuPvcuxoS90Z/ppn9RWh
X-Google-Smtp-Source: AGHT+IG28DoA45dAt3WhXnqNO28lV5TUcTW80Ru150Dq0pW/Q2eb2poofuzKD+RxwHsEcPR0W+s7Gw==
X-Received: by 2002:a05:6820:7188:b0:601:b6d0:1d6b with SMTP id 006d021491bc7-6021e153f55mr1126375eaf.0.1742375045894;
        Wed, 19 Mar 2025 02:04:05 -0700 (PDT)
X-BeenThere: bitcoindev@googlegroups.com; h=ARLLPAIT0OMoDH52ziBmuMJTEmE5LirYXaNIUAj4o0dIFski4g==
Received: by 2002:a4a:d68f:0:b0:600:3d56:c122 with SMTP id 006d021491bc7-601d87b8e98ls1429243eaf.0.-pod-prod-04-us;
 Wed, 19 Mar 2025 02:04:03 -0700 (PDT)
X-Received: by 2002:a05:6808:3991:b0:3f6:7b56:d10d with SMTP id 5614622812f47-3fead5e9a5cmr1347450b6e.33.1742375043179;
        Wed, 19 Mar 2025 02:04:03 -0700 (PDT)
Received: by 2002:a05:6808:394a:b0:3fa:da36:efcd with SMTP id 5614622812f47-3feac90f881msb6e;
        Wed, 19 Mar 2025 01:32:49 -0700 (PDT)
X-Received: by 2002:a05:6e02:1a47:b0:3d3:ff09:432c with SMTP id e9e14a558f8ab-3d586b24451mr15006055ab.4.1742373168874;
        Wed, 19 Mar 2025 01:32:48 -0700 (PDT)
ARC-Seal: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; t=1742373168; cv=none;
        d=google.com; s=arc-20240605;
        b=JuZYmZINHL9W7LjkzNmqw0Ip3Hr/6cLwUrGDbumJGRXtA1X9QX/+V3jq/MkrBFz96j
         uH72f836WjcmGoO4u2KVZRh03qI8lzo++CTbK0zmR/MxKMeE86xRzWoZjz96uZwsSP5C
         mWBE6wEEBjuenufADIxXevX6nqXjuVRrA6YptUTc0kumgSUvebC57qFsZG3LGBFAWzpX
         e6D5H4ag1NeRifZAvr49DEOQyNeTj8wsJo20qs/IeWxhmwWDtSrEDcxrx0GLp0iPFTPs
         nLzgNxutvMNB6ygy7/6PykSqNiPHXBhGmIim/RLPWPUbNMMzAFxDMNKit/dr/oSqp/0b
         vxdA==
ARC-Message-Signature: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=google.com; s=arc-20240605;
        h=references:to:cc:in-reply-to:date:subject:mime-version:message-id
         :from:feedback-id:dkim-signature:dkim-signature;
        bh=c8n0kXRr6XMBbqg5IT0cwhsYoDc/q9I8tvnbUXOlpr8=;
        fh=Ezg9rvKAYI/RPBOu7OhgTfcghRUkQs7xOsWPBEcGsP8=;
        b=dE3RLOPQNkvsglKp5BrdGcuhwOHZn4e33C0beQe08pgFNkF6rYHAv9aM8cGmb698I3
         DB6G7unH6CA/xBRWksGvbTA8ODKZhqP4c+5irtMegKTEneFcyVOQ0ixMnBmCYSwjGe/j
         LkS7eKAUshR78jTwslODMtLv8A2Yk10chXfdvSkNW8CfwVGEK2rLaSQPAllsf6E+KCqD
         W/cuCIdjpsoDmuXdmwRQ86QOxUWcwLZ6CAPXvpaVUE7kjMupnuBqaObjs1+D9XKe6/mH
         5IAkmXaOYNrH9Tuo5YmYLx2nBbjyL7SQ27SWS95re7X3iC0e4n5BqTrLx5SGl8IpltZt
         35FQ==;
        dara=google.com
ARC-Authentication-Results: i=1; gmr-mx.google.com;
       dkim=pass header.i=@sprovoost.nl header.s=fm2 header.b=faNuuhzi;
       dkim=pass header.i=@messagingengine.com header.s=fm1 header.b=tsujiWow;
       spf=pass (google.com: domain of sjors@sprovoost.nl designates 202.12.124.156 as permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=sjors@sprovoost.nl;
       dmarc=pass (p=NONE sp=NONE dis=NONE) header.from=sprovoost.nl
Received: from fhigh-b5-smtp.messagingengine.com (fhigh-b5-smtp.messagingengine.com. [202.12.124.156])
        by gmr-mx.google.com with ESMTPS id 8926c6da1cb9f-4f26372bbf4si544891173.1.2025.03.19.01.32.48
        for <bitcoindev@googlegroups.com>
        (version=TLS1_3 cipher=TLS_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 bits=256/256);
        Wed, 19 Mar 2025 01:32:48 -0700 (PDT)
Received-SPF: pass (google.com: domain of sjors@sprovoost.nl designates 202.12.124.156 as permitted sender) client-ip=202.12.124.156;
Received: from phl-compute-06.internal (phl-compute-06.phl.internal [10.202.2.46])
	by mailfhigh.stl.internal (Postfix) with ESMTP id 138F92540122;
	Wed, 19 Mar 2025 04:32:48 -0400 (EDT)
Received: from phl-mailfrontend-02 ([10.202.2.163])
  by phl-compute-06.internal (MEProxy); Wed, 19 Mar 2025 04:32:48 -0400
X-ME-Sender: <xms:L4HaZyPKKuz7PW3HP0HfO9hL0Mk9kPiQVOigHm5UYlFcjKiPz2VCPA>
    <xme:L4HaZw-fDfoPwTskKIWdx-RsodB_2uH99adc-yjz8kEHjsFAaqnSc2_iZFunxFVJ1
    rrE0Ey4M1HY2iUqNg>
X-ME-Received: <xmr:L4HaZ5SL6E9UHmqoyhlNPYffKOBVRjAegDW2EonTXRSgLVA1EfBCC37pG8mf_gH8lbFK>
X-ME-Proxy-Cause: gggruggvucftvghtrhhoucdtuddrgeefvddrtddtgddugeegkeeiucetufdoteggodetrf
    dotffvucfrrhhofhhilhgvmecuhfgrshhtofgrihhlpdggtfgfnhhsuhgsshgtrhhisggv
    pdfurfetoffkrfgpnffqhgenuceurghilhhouhhtmecufedttdenucesvcftvggtihhpih
    gvnhhtshculddquddttddmnecujfgurhephffktgggufffjgevvfhfofesrgdtmherhhdt
    vdenucfhrhhomhepufhjohhrshcurfhrohhvohhoshhtuceoshhjohhrshesshhprhhovh
    hoohhsthdrnhhlqeenucggtffrrghtthgvrhhnpedvieehheekteefgeehudehieffueet
    udefheevfeehfedtffffheduheefgfduieenucevlhhushhtvghrufhiiigvpedtnecurf
    grrhgrmhepmhgrihhlfhhrohhmpehsjhhorhhssehsphhrohhvohhoshhtrdhnlhdpnhgs
    pghrtghpthhtohepvddpmhhouggvpehsmhhtphhouhhtpdhrtghpthhtohepsghithgtoh
    hinhguvghvsehgohhoghhlvghgrhhouhhpshdrtghomhdprhgtphhtthhopegurghrohhs
    ihhorhesphhrohhtohhnmhgrihhlrdgtohhm
X-ME-Proxy: <xmx:L4HaZyvSvTyTJ7q8-efzsjNG3WaEltfutjOspRl-1e9jUSbI3-3pug>
    <xmx:L4HaZ6fijK0KHHDDcgCBNZqWUHsBGQGGoYOY0KFrvt23H1kiJyDeEg>
    <xmx:L4HaZ20neb1OJcPbHdIRNKHXgjHwPWmbYI25NY2reWwiK4sLz7MvPQ>
    <xmx:L4HaZ-9IG9dCan7ijgmOhQfHCvUuvEDRlBivjzdJr8_2KGx_6gi03w>
    <xmx:L4HaZ7r93BdND1SeNoYN--ZUCWKasx63AsC4NCkCgbMUn43VqhQBU7hp>
Feedback-ID: ie5e042df:Fastmail
Received: by mail.messagingengine.com (Postfix) with ESMTPA; Wed,
 19 Mar 2025 04:32:47 -0400 (EDT)
From: Sjors Provoost <sjors@sprovoost.nl>
Message-Id: <2064B7F4-B23A-44B0-A361-0EC4187D8E71@sprovoost.nl>
Content-Type: multipart/alternative;
	boundary="Apple-Mail=_F544C97F-768F-426F-A775-453156837FEE"
Mime-Version: 1.0 (Mac OS X Mail 16.0 \(3826.400.131.1.6\))
Subject: Re: [bitcoindev] Unbreaking testnet4
Date: Wed, 19 Mar 2025 09:32:36 +0100
In-Reply-To: <hU75DurC5XToqizyA-vOKmVtmzd3uZGDKOyXuE_ogE6eQ8tPCrvX__S08fG_nrW5CjH6IUx7EPrq8KwM5KFy9ltbFBJZQCHR2ThoimRbMqU=@protonmail.com>
Cc: Antoine Poinsot <darosior@protonmail.com>
To: 'Antoine Poinsot' via Bitcoin Development Mailing List <bitcoindev@googlegroups.com>
References: <hU75DurC5XToqizyA-vOKmVtmzd3uZGDKOyXuE_ogE6eQ8tPCrvX__S08fG_nrW5CjH6IUx7EPrq8KwM5KFy9ltbFBJZQCHR2ThoimRbMqU=@protonmail.com>
X-Mailer: Apple Mail (2.3826.400.131.1.6)
X-Original-Sender: sjors@sprovoost.nl
X-Original-Authentication-Results: gmr-mx.google.com;       dkim=pass
 header.i=@sprovoost.nl header.s=fm2 header.b=faNuuhzi;       dkim=pass
 header.i=@messagingengine.com header.s=fm1 header.b=tsujiWow;       spf=pass
 (google.com: domain of sjors@sprovoost.nl designates 202.12.124.156 as
 permitted sender) smtp.mailfrom=sjors@sprovoost.nl;       dmarc=pass (p=NONE
 sp=NONE dis=NONE) header.from=sprovoost.nl
Precedence: list
Mailing-list: list bitcoindev@googlegroups.com; contact bitcoindev+owners@googlegroups.com
List-ID: <bitcoindev.googlegroups.com>
X-Google-Group-Id: 786775582512
List-Post: <https://groups.google.com/group/bitcoindev/post>, <mailto:bitcoindev@googlegroups.com>
List-Help: <https://groups.google.com/support/>, <mailto:bitcoindev+help@googlegroups.com>
List-Archive: <https://groups.google.com/group/bitcoindev
List-Subscribe: <https://groups.google.com/group/bitcoindev/subscribe>, <mailto:bitcoindev+subscribe@googlegroups.com>
List-Unsubscribe: <mailto:googlegroups-manage+786775582512+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com>,
 <https://groups.google.com/group/bitcoindev/subscribe>
X-Spam-Score: -0.7 (/)


--Apple-Mail=_F544C97F-768F-426F-A775-453156837FEE
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Content-Type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"

Antoine Poinsot wrote:

> The given rationale for a difficulty reset was to let developers occasion=
ally mine blocks on their laptop. But you cannot have your cake and eat it =
too: either the network is permissionless (PoW) or you assign identities an=
d privileges to some (Signet). By trying to do both at the same time testne=
t4 created a loophole for abuse. As a result it failed on both count: it ne=
ither mimics mainnet nor allows developers to mine active blocks on their l=
aptop.

Let me clarify why developers can't mine on their own laptop with testnet4.

The way you would do that is to move your computer clock forward by 20 minu=
tes (or use faketime), at which point the difficulty drops to 1. You would =
then mine your (presumably non-standard transaction) and broadcast it to th=
e network.

This is also the strategy used to acquire more testnet coins if you don't h=
ave an ASIC and don't want to use a faucet.

On testnet3 the latter wasn't very productive because at height 4 million t=
he block subsidy is under 10k sats.

But on testnet4 every block yields 50 tBTC. So several people try to mine s=
uch a block, leading to the many parallel forks.=20

If you're a developer trying to mine a non-standard transaction, you have t=
o be fast, well connected and lucky to be the first block picked up by the =
rest of the network.

But why mine just one if you can mine many?

Some CPU miners are now mining as many testnet4 blocks as they can by bumpi=
ng their clock 20 minutes not just once, but several times in a row. Until =
they run against the limit other nodes put on how far a block can be in the=
 future, namely two hours. So when a real difficulty block appears, you may=
 see 5 blocks on top of it instantly.

This behavior is even worse from the point of view of a developer trying to=
 mine a non-standard transaction. Because the tip of your node is always go=
ing to be about two hours in the future, when you mine on top of that by mo=
ving your clock even further, it will be rejected by your peers.

So this use case of CPU mining non-standard transactions is simply dead as =
long as this behaviour exists. We might as well reduce code complexity.

That said, testnet will never mimic mainnet. It has no value, or worse, ver=
y little value. So the incentives are different, which leads to different b=
ehavior. That's a whack-a-mole game, which we should probably not dedicate =
time to.

- Sjors


=20

--=20
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups "=
Bitcoin Development Mailing List" group.
To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an e=
mail to bitcoindev+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com.
To view this discussion visit https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/bitcoindev/=
2064B7F4-B23A-44B0-A361-0EC4187D8E71%40sprovoost.nl.

--Apple-Mail=_F544C97F-768F-426F-A775-453156837FEE
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Content-Type: text/html; charset="UTF-8"

<html><head><meta http-equiv=3D"content-type" content=3D"text/html; charset=
=3Dus-ascii"></head><body style=3D"overflow-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-=
mode: space; line-break: after-white-space;">Antoine Poinsot wrote:<div><br=
><div><blockquote type=3D"cite"><div><div style=3D"font-family: Arial, sans=
-serif; font-size: 14px;"><div style=3D"font-family: Arial, sans-serif; fon=
t-size: 14px;"><div>The
 given rationale for a difficulty reset was to let developers=20
occasionally mine blocks on their laptop. But you cannot have your cake=20
and eat it too: either the network is permissionless (PoW) or you assign
 identities and privileges to some (Signet). By trying to do both at the
 same time testnet4 created a loophole for abuse. As a result it failed=20
on both count: it neither mimics mainnet nor allows developers to mine=20
active blocks on their laptop.<br></div></div></div></div></blockquote><br>=
</div><div>Let me clarify why developers can't mine on their own laptop wit=
h testnet4.</div><div><br></div><div>The way you would do that is to move y=
our computer clock forward by 20 minutes (or use faketime), at which point =
the difficulty drops to 1. You would then mine your (presumably non-standar=
d transaction) and broadcast it to the network.</div><div><br></div><div>Th=
is is also the strategy used to acquire more testnet coins if you don't hav=
e an ASIC and don't want to use a faucet.</div><div><br></div></div><div>On=
 testnet3 the latter wasn't very productive because at height 4 million the=
 block subsidy is under 10k sats.</div><div><br></div><div>But on testnet4 =
every block yields 50 tBTC. So several people try to mine such a block, lea=
ding to the many parallel forks.&nbsp;</div><div><br></div><div>If you're a=
 developer trying to mine a non-standard transaction, you have to be fast, =
well connected and lucky to be the first block picked up by the rest of the=
 network.</div><div><br></div><div>But why mine just one if you can mine ma=
ny?</div><div><br></div><div>Some CPU miners are now mining as many testnet=
4 blocks as they can by bumping their clock 20 minutes not just once, but s=
everal times in a row. Until they run against the limit other nodes put on =
how far a block can be in the future, namely two hours. So when a real diff=
iculty block appears, you may see 5 blocks on top of it instantly.</div><di=
v><br></div><div>This behavior is even worse from the point of view of a de=
veloper trying to mine a non-standard transaction. Because the tip of your =
node is always going to be about two hours in the future, when you mine on =
top of that by moving your clock even further, it will be rejected by your =
peers.</div><div><br></div><div>So this use case of CPU mining non-standard=
 transactions is simply dead as long as this behaviour exists. We might as =
well reduce code complexity.</div><div><br></div><div>That said, testnet wi=
ll never mimic mainnet. It has no value, or worse, very little value. So th=
e incentives are different, which leads to different behavior. That's a wha=
ck-a-mole game, which we should probably not dedicate time to.</div><div><b=
r></div><div>- Sjors</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>&nbsp;</div></=
body></html>

<p></p>

-- <br />
You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups &=
quot;Bitcoin Development Mailing List&quot; group.<br />
To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an e=
mail to <a href=3D"mailto:bitcoindev+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com">bitcoind=
ev+unsubscribe@googlegroups.com</a>.<br />
To view this discussion visit <a href=3D"https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/=
bitcoindev/2064B7F4-B23A-44B0-A361-0EC4187D8E71%40sprovoost.nl?utm_medium=
=3Demail&utm_source=3Dfooter">https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/bitcoindev/=
2064B7F4-B23A-44B0-A361-0EC4187D8E71%40sprovoost.nl</a>.<br />

--Apple-Mail=_F544C97F-768F-426F-A775-453156837FEE--