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From: <eric@voskuil.org>
To: "'Ruben Somsen'" <rsomsen@gmail.com>,
<bitcoindev@googlegroups.com>
Cc: "'Sjors Provoost'" <sjors@sprovoost.nl>,
<luke@dashjr.org>
References: <86FA0255-1A81-4DA1-9B1A-E57AD4F1DAAD@sprovoost.nl> <E8225EAC-BED8-4840-8E3D-81A55C365209@voskuil.org> <CAPv7TjbEK8r8AQgzLvrwPmQHavU-ujgJqSz+7CFy_8W0_pwMvQ@mail.gmail.com>
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Subject: RE: [bitcoindev] The Tragic Tale of BIP30
Date: Fri, 2 May 2025 17:09:05 -0400
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Hi Ruben,
> >The obvious solution to this problem is to not create the problem in the=
first
> place.
>=20
> Yes, that is a fair point. Not removing the checkpoints is one way of ens=
uring
> the consensus bug cannot be triggered.
It's more than that. We are contemplating a "consensus bug" that would caus=
e a chain split because the BIP30 exceptions are no longer being covered by=
any checkpoint. The heights at which this would cause a split are well bel=
ow all but 3 of the 14 checkpoints. For that to occur 11 formerly checkpoin=
ted blocks would first have to be popped, given the existence of a stronger=
chain capable of triggering the above bug. This implies 11 more chain spli=
ts, depending at which point nodes adopted the checkpoint soft fork(s), jus=
t to reach this bug, and up to 14 possible in total. It makes no sense to f=
ix this bug without first fixing chain splits that would be triggered *over=
200,000 blocks less deep* than this BIP30 bug. And the only way to fix tho=
se is to not remove the checkpoints - which renders this bug inert.
> I'm agnostic about whether having
> checkpoints is also a reason to forgo consensus checks such as BIP30 (or =
my
> proposed alternative of checking the coinbase TXID for uniqueness and
> ensuring no future collision).
There is certainly a reason, the checkpoints are consensus rules.
> Even though checkpoints essentially force your node to halt if something =
were invalid up until that point,=20
Right, if any other rule conflicted with them then the chain would stall fo=
rever at that point. That is not the applied meaning of these rules. The ch=
eckpoints declare that the blocks are required and therefore inherently val=
id. The reason we are having this conversation is the contemplated removal =
of the checkpoints, which also implies that other validation within covered=
blocks is not consensus.
> I still think there is value in being able to verify that the rules were =
followed.
Like them or not, checkpoints are the rules that are required to be followe=
d.
> >Solution C could be to remove it, but restore the previous UTXO
>=20
> Yes, as Sjors also pointed out, I do think it is best to be precise about=
which of
> the duplicates you're keeping. In fact, it's probably required to ensure =
the
> rolling UTXO set hash remains consistent.
Sure, but these are implementation details, not a matter of consensus. The =
consensus behavior would be that the second output is popped with its block=
and the first remains with its block. Assuming it would be written up, tha=
t's how I would recommend handling it.
Best,
Eric
--=20
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