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From: Ethan Heilman <eth3rs@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 20 Jul 2025 17:29:53 -0400
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Message-ID: <CAEM=y+WUpbzJBU6nYyM5Lj3ByD199Fxubvc50uqkv8uEd7GJtA@mail.gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [bitcoindev] Human meaningful witness versioning
To: conduition <conduition@proton.me>
Cc: Bitcoin Development Mailing List <bitcoindev@googlegroups.com>
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Thanks everyone. Given that so far everyone else is opposed, BIP-360 will
use Witness Version 2.

Does anyone remember why BIP-0173 added a special rule to make Witness
Versions legible in this way? It might be useful to document here for
future discussions on address encoding.



On Sun, Jul 20, 2025 at 11:19=E2=80=AFAM conduition <conduition@proton.me> =
wrote:

> Hi Ethan,
>
> I appreciate your intent behind making things easier for humans to
> understand, but I don't think it matters enough to break from the existin=
g
> pattern of version incrementation. It's also a bit too late, given that
> quantum-vulnerable address types P2WKH and P2WSH already took the bc1q=E2=
=80=8B
> prefix.
>
> More important will be other small minutiae like naming the output type
> (P2QRH? or P2TSH? or P2TTH? etc), and practical necessities like
> fully-defined post-quantum signature verification opcodes.
>
> regards,
> conduition
> On Friday, July 18th, 2025 at 6:00 PM, Ethan Heilman <eth3rs@gmail.com>
> wrote:
>
> I want to propose a new criteria for allocating Witness versions based on
> human meaningfulness and see if there is support for this approach or if
> the community is highly allergic to this idea.
>
> Bech32 (BIP-0173
> <https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0173.mediawiki>) was
> designed such that the Witness version is the first character in an addre=
ss
> after the =E2=80=9Cbc1=E2=80=9D address prefix
>
> Witness Version 0: bc1q=E2=80=A6
> Witness Version 1: bc1p=E2=80=A6
>
> Witness version 2: bc1z=E2=80=A6
>
> Witness version 3: bc1r=E2=80=A6
>
> Witness version 4: bc1y=E2=80=A6
> Witness version 5: bc19=E2=80=A6
>
> Witness version 6: bc1x=E2=80=A6
>
> Witness version 7: bc18=E2=80=A6
>
> Witness version 8: bc1g=E2=80=A6
>
> =E2=80=A6
>
> So far we have been allocating Witness Versions in incrementing numeric
> order (0,1,...). I want to suggest we allocate Witness Versions mnemonic =
to
> make it easier to look at an address and determine the output type.
>
> This originally came up over the question of if BIP-360 should use Witnes=
s
> Version 3 to get bc1r=E2=80=A6 for P2QRH (r for resistant) or the next nu=
merically
> available 2, but I want to see how the community feels about it as a
> general pattern for future softforks (z for compressed/zipped output, y f=
or
> yield outputs, etc=E2=80=A6).
>
> Making it easier for users to understand the output type associated is
> likely to grow in importance over time as we retire output types, add
> policy restricting the relay of certain output types or output types beco=
me
> insecure due to cryptanalytic breaks. While wallet software should flag
> dangerous output types, some wallets may not invest in such functionality
> or the user may be using a paper wallet. This is the same argument as
> prefixing addresses with =E2=80=9Cbc=E2=80=9D for mainnet and =E2=80=9Ctc=
=E2=80=9D for testnet.
>
> Note: the Witness version is sometimes called the SegWit version.
>
> Thanks,
> Ethan
>
> --
> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups
> "Bitcoin Development Mailing List" group.
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> To view this discussion visit
> https://groups.google.com/d/msgid/bitcoindev/CAEM%3Dy%2BWkLOVJ787jjr5zZgK=
sAHxHkgdZjANqGycEh4K7ZSddSA%40mail.gmail.com
> .
>
>
>

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<div dir=3D"ltr">Thanks everyone. Given that so far everyone else is oppose=
d, BIP-360 will use Witness Version 2.<br><br>Does anyone remember why BIP-=
0173 added a special rule to make Witness Versions legible in this=C2=A0way=
? It might be useful to document here for future discussions on address enc=
oding.<span style=3D"font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:14px"><br><br><=
br></span></div><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote gmail_quote_container"><div d=
ir=3D"ltr" class=3D"gmail_attr">On Sun, Jul 20, 2025 at 11:19=E2=80=AFAM co=
nduition &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:conduition@proton.me">conduition@proton.me</=
a>&gt; wrote:<br></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0p=
x 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><d=
iv style=3D"font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:14px">Hi Ethan,</div><di=
v style=3D"font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:14px"><br></div><div styl=
e=3D"font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:14px">I appreciate your intent =
behind making things easier for humans to understand, but I don&#39;t think=
 it matters enough to break from the existing pattern of version incrementa=
tion. It&#39;s also a bit too late, given that quantum-vulnerable address t=
ypes P2WKH and P2WSH already took the <code>bc1q</code>=E2=80=8B prefix.</d=
iv><div style=3D"font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:14px"><br></div><di=
v style=3D"font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-size:14px">More important will=
 be other small minutiae like naming the output type (P2QRH? or P2TSH? or P=
2TTH? etc), and practical necessities like fully-defined post-quantum signa=
ture verification opcodes.</div><div style=3D"font-family:Arial,sans-serif;=
font-size:14px"><br></div><div style=3D"font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-s=
ize:14px">regards,</div><div style=3D"font-family:Arial,sans-serif;font-siz=
e:14px">conduition</div><div>
        On Friday, July 18th, 2025 at 6:00 PM, Ethan Heilman &lt;<a href=3D=
"mailto:eth3rs@gmail.com" target=3D"_blank">eth3rs@gmail.com</a>&gt; wrote:=
<br>
        <blockquote type=3D"cite">
            <div dir=3D"ltr"><span id=3D"m_8855585791506495016gmail-docs-in=
ternal-guid-e6fd3131-7fff-2cae-188f-81e79dfa4fb9"><p dir=3D"ltr" style=3D"l=
ine-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style=3D"font-size:=
11pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:transpa=
rent;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-varian=
t-alternates:normal;vertical-align:baseline">I want to propose a new criter=
ia for allocating Witness versions based on human meaningfulness and see if=
 there is support for this approach or if the community is highly allergic =
to this idea.</span><span style=3D"font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial,sans-se=
rif;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:transparent;font-variant-numeric:norm=
al;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-alternates:normal;vertical-a=
lign:baseline"><br><br></span></p><p dir=3D"ltr" style=3D"line-height:1.38;=
margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style=3D"font-size:11pt;font-family=
:Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:transparent;font-varian=
t-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-alternates:nor=
mal;vertical-align:baseline">Bech32 (</span><a href=3D"https://github.com/b=
itcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0173.mediawiki" style=3D"text-decoration-line:n=
one" rel=3D"noreferrer nofollow noopener" target=3D"_blank"><span style=3D"=
font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;background-color:transparent;fo=
nt-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-alter=
nates:normal;text-decoration-line:underline;vertical-align:baseline">BIP-01=
73</span></a><span style=3D"font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;col=
or:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:transparent;font-variant-numeric:normal;font=
-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-alternates:normal;vertical-align:ba=
seline">) was designed such that the Witness version is the first character=
 in an address after the =E2=80=9Cbc1=E2=80=9D address prefix</span><span s=
tyle=3D"font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);backgr=
ound-color:transparent;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:=
normal;font-variant-alternates:normal;vertical-align:baseline"><br><br></sp=
an></p><p dir=3D"ltr" style=3D"line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-botto=
m:0pt"><span style=3D"font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb=
(0,0,0);background-color:transparent;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-varia=
nt-east-asian:normal;font-variant-alternates:normal;vertical-align:baseline=
">Witness Version 0: bc1q=E2=80=A6</span><span style=3D"font-size:11pt;font=
-family:Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:transparent;font=
-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-alterna=
tes:normal;vertical-align:baseline"><br></span><span style=3D"font-size:11p=
t;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:transparen=
t;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-a=
lternates:normal;vertical-align:baseline">Witness Version 1: bc1p=E2=80=A6<=
/span></p><p dir=3D"ltr" style=3D"line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bo=
ttom:0pt"><span style=3D"font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;color:=
rgb(0,0,0);background-color:transparent;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-va=
riant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-alternates:normal;vertical-align:basel=
ine">Witness version 2: bc1z=E2=80=A6</span></p><p dir=3D"ltr" style=3D"lin=
e-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style=3D"font-size:11=
pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:transpare=
nt;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-=
alternates:normal;vertical-align:baseline">Witness version 3: bc1r=E2=80=A6=
</span></p><p dir=3D"ltr" style=3D"line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-b=
ottom:0pt"><span style=3D"font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;color=
:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:transparent;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-v=
ariant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-alternates:normal;vertical-align:base=
line">Witness version 4: bc1y=E2=80=A6</span><span style=3D"font-size:11pt;=
font-family:Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:transparent;=
font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-alt=
ernates:normal;vertical-align:baseline"><br></span><span style=3D"font-size=
:11pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:transp=
arent;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-varia=
nt-alternates:normal;vertical-align:baseline">Witness version 5: bc19=E2=80=
=A6</span></p><p dir=3D"ltr" style=3D"line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margi=
n-bottom:0pt"><span style=3D"font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;co=
lor:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:transparent;font-variant-numeric:normal;fon=
t-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-alternates:normal;vertical-align:b=
aseline">Witness version 6: bc1x=E2=80=A6</span></p><p dir=3D"ltr" style=3D=
"line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style=3D"font-siz=
e:11pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:trans=
parent;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-vari=
ant-alternates:normal;vertical-align:baseline">Witness version 7: bc18=E2=
=80=A6</span></p><p dir=3D"ltr" style=3D"line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;ma=
rgin-bottom:0pt"><span style=3D"font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif=
;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:transparent;font-variant-numeric:normal;=
font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-alternates:normal;vertical-alig=
n:baseline">Witness version 8: bc1g=E2=80=A6</span></p><p dir=3D"ltr" style=
=3D"line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style=3D"font-=
size:11pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:tr=
ansparent;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-v=
ariant-alternates:normal;vertical-align:baseline">=E2=80=A6</span></p><br><=
p dir=3D"ltr" style=3D"line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><=
span style=3D"font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);=
background-color:transparent;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-=
asian:normal;font-variant-alternates:normal;vertical-align:baseline">So far=
 we have been allocating Witness Versions in incrementing numeric order (0,=
1,...). I want to suggest we allocate Witness Versions mnemonic to make it =
easier to look at an address and determine the output type.</span></p><br><=
p dir=3D"ltr" style=3D"line-height:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><=
span style=3D"font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);=
background-color:transparent;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-=
asian:normal;font-variant-alternates:normal;vertical-align:baseline">This o=
riginally came up over the question of if BIP-360 should use Witness Versio=
n 3 to get bc1r=E2=80=A6 for P2QRH (r for resistant) or the next numericall=
y available 2, but I want to see how the community feels about it as a gene=
ral pattern for future softforks (z for compressed/zipped output, y for yie=
ld outputs, etc=E2=80=A6).</span></p><br><p dir=3D"ltr" style=3D"line-heigh=
t:1.38;margin-top:0pt;margin-bottom:0pt"><span style=3D"font-size:11pt;font=
-family:Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:transparent;font=
-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-alterna=
tes:normal;vertical-align:baseline">Making it easier for users to understan=
d the output type associated is likely to grow in importance over time as w=
e retire output types, add policy restricting the relay of certain output t=
ypes or output types become insecure due to cryptanalytic breaks. While wal=
let software should flag dangerous output types, some wallets may not inves=
t in such functionality or the user may be using a paper wallet. This is th=
e same argument as prefixing addresses with =E2=80=9Cbc=E2=80=9D for mainne=
t and =E2=80=9Ctc=E2=80=9D for testnet.</span></p><br><span style=3D"font-s=
ize:11pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:tra=
nsparent;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-va=
riant-alternates:normal;vertical-align:baseline">Note: the Witness version =
is sometimes called the SegWit version.</span><span style=3D"font-size:11pt=
;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:transparent=
;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-variant-al=
ternates:normal;vertical-align:baseline"><br></span><span style=3D"font-siz=
e:11pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color:trans=
parent;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;font-vari=
ant-alternates:normal;vertical-align:baseline"><br></span><span style=3D"fo=
nt-size:11pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);background-color=
:transparent;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:normal;fon=
t-variant-alternates:normal;vertical-align:baseline">Thanks,</span><span st=
yle=3D"font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);backgro=
und-color:transparent;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-asian:n=
ormal;font-variant-alternates:normal;vertical-align:baseline"><br></span><s=
pan style=3D"font-size:11pt;font-family:Arial,sans-serif;color:rgb(0,0,0);b=
ackground-color:transparent;font-variant-numeric:normal;font-variant-east-a=
sian:normal;font-variant-alternates:normal;vertical-align:baseline">Ethan</=
span></span></div>

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